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% Document Info
\author{ava (ava77may)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (osmosis-homeostasis-cell-membrane-transport.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (ava (ava77may))
  /Subject (Osmosis/homeostasis/cell membrane transport Cheat Sheet)
}

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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Osmosis/homeostasis/cell membrane transport Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{ava (ava77may)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/132008/cs/27253/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}ava (ava77may) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/ava77may} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 8th January, 2022.\\
   Updated 25th March, 2021.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Vesicular Transport}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- Active transport process \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- Vesicles: small spheres a membrane \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
- Function in movement of material  \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
- Occurs when larger molecules or big clumps of material need to be transported  \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
- Endocytosis \& Exocytosis% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Vesicular Transport- image}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{3.833cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/ava77may_1616463825_Screenshot 2021-03-22 9.43.16 PM.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.7165 cm} x{1.7165 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ENDOCYTOSIS VS EXOCYTOSIS}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
endocytosis & exocytosis \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
"in" & "out" \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Used for large molecules, clumps of food and even whole cells & Used to get rid of wastes or release valuable materials cells have made \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Phagocytosis & ex) releasing hormones like dopamine \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Pinocytosis} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Receptor - Mediated Endocytosis} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Endocytosis}}  \tn
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Exocytosis}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{3.833cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/ava77may_1616464211_Screenshot 2021-03-22 9.49.20 PM.png}}} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.78516 cm} x{1.64784 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{simple vs facilitated diffusion}}  \tn
% Row 0
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simple diffusion & facilitated diffusion \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
unassisted & assisted by carrier protiens \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
occurs through the phospholipid bilayer & occurs through the membrane protiens \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
small and non polar molecules transported & large and polar molecules transported \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
rate of diffusion is directly proportional to the concentration gradient and he membrane permeability of the solute molecule & rate depends the carrier protein o \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 7)
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Diffusion}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{In terms of molecules, explain what happens to a sugar cube when it is placed into a beaker of water.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The sugar cube dissolves in the water, the sugar molecules break apart and dissolve in the water which is a solvent and the sugar cube is the solute.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.7165 cm} x{1.7165 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VOCAB WORDS}}  \tn
% Row 0
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word & definiton \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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solute & A substance that is dissolved in a solution. \tn 
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solvent & In a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves. \tn 
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Solution & A mixture that forms when one substance (the solvent) dissolves another (the solute). \tn 
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% Row 4
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Selective permeability & A property of a plasma membrane that allows some substances to cross more easily than others. \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Tonicity & The ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water; it depends partly on the concentration of non-penetrating solutes relative to the inside of a cell. \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 9)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
What is the relationship between rate of diffusion and molecular weight? & Lower molecular weight substances diffuse faster; Higher molecular weight substances diffuse slower. \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 5)
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.7165 cm} x{1.7165 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{VOCAB WORDS (cont)}}  \tn
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What does heating water do to the rate of diffusion of tea? & Higher temperatures increase the rate of diffusion. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 8
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What enviornment do plant cells work best at and why & hypotonic Water is constantly pushed up against the cell. The cell swells, but the cell wall prevents it from bursting. \tn 
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% Row 9
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Hyponatremia & consumption of too much water, over dilutes necessary ions and can cause death, osmoregulation failure \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{diffusion graphs}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{3.833cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/ava77may_1616463459_diffusion-vs-facilitated-diffusion.jpg}}} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.75083 cm} x{1.68217 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Passive vs Active transport}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
active & passive \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
requires energy in the form of ATP & does not require energy \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
occurs AGAINST the concentration gradient & occurs DOWN the concentration gradient \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
from low to high concentration & from high to low concentration \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
exocytosis & osmosis \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
sodium-potassium pump & facilitated diffusion \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
phagocytosis & diffusion \tn 
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% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
endocytosis & aquaporin \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tonicity and Osmosis}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{What is tonicity?} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Measure of water pressure inside a cell compared to outside the cell.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.03122 cm} x{1.00089 cm} x{1.00089 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tonicity and Osmosis}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
hypotonic & isotonic & hypertonic \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
The \seqsplit{concentration} of the solute outside the cell are {\bf{LOWER}} than inside the cell & The \seqsplit{concentration} of the solute outside the cell are {\bf{EQUAL}} than inside the cell & The \seqsplit{concentration} of the solute outside the cell are {\bf{HIGHER}} than inside the cell \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
The water moves to the higher solute \seqsplit{concentration} {\bf{inside}} the cell & The water has {\bf{no net movement}} and nothing happens to the cells. & The water {\bf{leaves}} the cell to the higher solute \seqsplit{concentration} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
cell swells  and  can burst & no change & cells shrink \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{plant cells work best}} & {\emph{human cells work best}} &  \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
low osmotic pressure & equal osmotic pressure & high osmotic pressure \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Transport and Cell Membrane}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{What is cell transport?} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Cell transport is the movement of substances across the cell membrane} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{What is the most important feature of the cell's phospholipid membrane?} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The phospholipid bilayer because it's selectively permeable.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Why is it important that cell membranes help maintain the homeostasis within the cell} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}So certain things that shouldn't be in our cells can get in and the things we do need can.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{What is the function of transport proteins embedded in the cell membrane?} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}They move larger molecules in and out of the cell because they cant pass through the phospholipid bilayer} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Real life scenarios}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{What type of transport is a friend spraying perfume in a room and you not noticing it for a few minutes} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Diffusion is used when someone prays perfume, the molecules with the scent in them will spread out across the room more and more.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{If the amoeba was placed in salt water the amoeba will shrink because the solute concentration in the salywater is greater than in the amoeba so the water in the amoeba moves out to the salt water making the amoeba shrink.} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}I think they would use phagocytosis because phagocytosis is taking in a large molecule that will eventually digest inside the cell. Or they use endocytosis because endocytosis is take in molecules.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 10)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Explain the difference between osmosis and diffusion} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}in diffusion all particles move freely down concentration gradients. In osmosis only water (solvent) molecules move across a partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution.} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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% That's all folks
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