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% Document Info
\author{Autumn (Autumn)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (english-metalanguage.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Autumn (Autumn))
  /Subject (English - Metalanguage Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{English - Metalanguage Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Autumn (Autumn)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/145676/cs/32995/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Autumn (Autumn) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/autumn} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 4th July, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

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\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Essential Terminology}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Function:}} Aim/purpose of text} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Social Purpose:}} How desired function is achieved} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Face Needs:}} Strategies around politeness contributing to public self-image} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Face Threatening Acts:}} Either conveys dislike or imposes a demand on listener} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Discourse:}} The manipulation of language (like a flexible toolkit) to aid in successful communication} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Coherence:}} Features that make a text clear - for \{\{nl\}\} clarity/better understanding} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Cohesion:}} Features that helps with linking/connecting ideas in a text logically} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Political Correctness:}} Avoiding expressions/actions that cause hurt/harm} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Clarity:}} To make things clear \& easy to understand} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Informal Social Purposes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Intimacy:}} For creating close familiarity/friendship} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Solidarity:}} For creating unity/agreement of feeling/action (especially common interests)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{In-Group Membership:}} For creating a sense of belonging \& identity to a certain group} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Equality:}} For creating a sense of equality between two parties} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Building Rapport:}} For establishing a connection} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Reducing Social Distance:}} For a sense of \{\{nl\}\} closeness/equality} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Formal Social Purposes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Maintaining \& challenging positive/negative face needs} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Reinforcing social distance \& authority} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Establishing expertise} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Promoting social harmony} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Negotiating social taboos} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Building rapport} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Clarifying, manipulating, confusing (via doublespeak)} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sentence Types (Syntax)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Declarative:}} To inform} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Interrogative:}} To ask a question} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Imperative:}} To instruct} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Exclamative:}} To exclaim/show emotion} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Nominalisation:}} Replacing words with noun forms} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Other Syntax Features}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Nominalisation:}} Replacing words with noun forms} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Active Voice:}} SVO format, for clearly conveying info - 'default' voice} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Passive Voice:}} Object before subject, for improving logical connections between sentences} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Agentless Passive:}} Removing subject/agent in sentence, avoids blame - similar to passive voice} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Marked Theme:}} Syntactic choice where the subject isn't at start of sentence - through beginning with either a subordinate clause, adverbial or passive voice use} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.9862 cm} x{1.9908 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Connected Speech Features (Phonology)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Acronym:}} EVIA} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{E}}lision & e.g 'stralia \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{V}}owel Reduction & e.g /ə/ fish {\bf{'n}} chips \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{I}}nsertion & e.g Australi{\bf{Y}}a \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{A}}ssimilation & e.g go{\bf{dd}}a, did{\bf{ja}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Prosody Features (Phonology)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Acronym:}} TVIPS} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{T}}empo} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{V}}olume} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{I}}ntonation} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{P}}itch} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{S}}tress} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Other Discourse Features}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Front Focus:}} Moving a phrasal element to the front for focus/importance - for restating info or comparing/contrasting} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{End Focus:}} Moving a phrasal element to the back for focus/importance - for suspense/drama} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Collocation:}} Words that are constantly used together within phrases - well known \& predictable, aiding cohesion \& coherence for faster processing} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Clefting}}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Moving a phrase to another position within a sentence} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} For drawing focus to a specific part of the sentence} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{It-Cleft:}} 'It' + 'to be' verb variant used for front focus} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Pseudo/Wh-Cleft:}} 'Wh-' used for end focus} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Coherence Features (Discourse)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Acronym:}} FLICCC} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Formatting}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Heading:}} Signposts/head's up of what's to follow} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Subheadings:}} Guides reader through info} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Paragraphs:}} Separates topics} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 0)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Logical Ordering:}} Sentence sequencing - develops ideas logically built on previous info} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Inference/Assumed Knowledge:}} For assumption making based on reader's prior knowledge (extra info in brackets explains jargon)} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Consistency:}} Consistent lexical/semantic fields \& syntactic/discourse features throughout text} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Conventions Of Text Type:}} The expected text's rules/\{\{nl\}\}expectations for their structure (e.g recipes list \{\{nl\}\} instructions step-by-step)} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Cohesion:}} Needed for coherence/clarity} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cohesion Features (Discourse)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Acronym:}} CAR SLIDER} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Conjunctions:}} Joins sentences - for making direct connections to other ideas} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Adverbials:}} Joins paragraphs - for making direct connections to other ideas} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 0)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 0)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Repetition}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{Lexical Patterning:}} Repeated words} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{Phonological Patterning:}} Repeated sounds - alliteration, rhyme, consonance, assonance} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{Syntactic Patterning:}} Repeated clauses - parallelism} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} {\bf{Semantic Patterning:}} Repeated ideas} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 0)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Substitution:}} Replacing whole phrases with simple nouns} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Lexical Choice:}} Semantically linked words: synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Information Flow:}} Discourse structures that help introduce new info in a sentence - clefting, end focus, front focus} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Deictics/Dexis:}} 'Pointing' words used under shared context. Must be understood by both parties for cohesion} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Ellipses:}} Partial removal of a sentence, usually implied/inferred by reader} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 0)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Referencing}}} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} For unnecessary repetition \& reducing lexical density} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cohesion Features (Discourse) (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Cataphoric Referencing:}} Pronoun used first, then noun is later established} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Anaphoric Referencing:}} Noun established first, then referenced later with a pronoun} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Face Needs}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Positive}} & \{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Negative}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} The need to be well liked & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} The freedom to act as one wishes \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Positive Face Supported/\{\{nl\}\}Affirmed Through...}} & \{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Negative Face Mindfulness Through...}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Love, support \& praise & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Space \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Careful listening & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Freedoms \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Taking interest & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Independence \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Showing closeness & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Silence \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Positive responses & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Privacy \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Remembering names} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 0)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Associated Metalanguage}}} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Imperatives & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Politeness markers \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Address terms (vocatives) & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Self-effacing \{\{nl\}\} (accomplishment minimising) words \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 4)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Conditional sentences & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Modal auxiliary verbs \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Interrogatives & \{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Declaratives \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Spoken Discourse Features}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Occurring vocal linguistic elements due to conversation's nature} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Openings \& Closings:}} Formulas/structures that begin/end a conversation (greetings/salutations, names/address terms (vocatives), phatic elements etc.)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Adjacency Pairs:}} Somewhat predictable conversation routines (question/answer, greeting/response, apology/acceptance etc.)} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Overlapping Speech:}} 2 speakers talking at the same time} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Interrogative Tags:}} Declaratives turned into questions. For involving other speakers (co-operative strategy)} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Strategies Of Spoken Discourse}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Used tactics for co-operative \& successful conversations} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Topic Management:}} Ensuring that the focused topic is on track, via discourse particles or back-channelling} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Topic Loop:}} Returning to a previous topic} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Discourse Particles:}} 'Filler' words/sounds for specific functions: Topic shifts, interrogatives, turn-taking, expressing attitude/emotion and hedging} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Non-Fluency Features:}} Natural parts of speech for reduced formality: Pauses, voiced hesitation, false starts, repetition, repairs} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Back-Channelling/Minimal Responses:}} Short responses/noises indicating attentiveness to speaker. Also for maintaining topic} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{fa-hand-o-right\}\} Subject ellipsis + auxiliary verb → Friendly sounding, conversational \& fun} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 0)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Turn-Taking}}} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Taking The Floor:}} Getting your turn} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Holding The Floor:}} Maintaining your turn} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Passing The Floor:}} Giving someone else a turn} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Stylistic Features}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Phonological Patterning}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Alliteration:}} Repetition of identical initial consonant sounds} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Assonance:}} Repetition of identical vowel sounds close to each other} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Consonance:}} Repetition of identical consonant sounds close to each other \& appears anywhere in the word} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Onomatopoeia:}} Word imitating a sound} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Rhythm:}} Stressed \& unstressed syllable patterns} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Rhyme:}} Repetition of similar sounds in final syllables} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 0)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Syntactic Patterning}}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Listing:}} A list of things - for emphasise, showcasing knowledge or offering ideas} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Parallelism:}} Repeating the same grammatical structure for one/more sentences} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Antithesis:}} 2 opposite ideas put together for contrasting effects} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 0)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Semantic Patterning}}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Simile:}} 2 things compared using comparison words} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Metaphor:}} 2 things compared that aren't alike but have something in common} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Animation:}} Metaphor type that gives life/movement to lifeless objects, places or ideas} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Personification:}} Object/idea represented as a person} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 0)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ac\}\} {\bf{Lexical Choice}}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 1)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Stylistic Features (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Lexical Ambiguity:}} When it's difficult to understand the multiple interpretations without additional info} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Puns:}} Jokes that exploit the various possible meanings of a word} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Oxymoron:}} A self-contradicting word/group of words} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Irony:}} Expression of something that's opposite in its literal meaning} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}