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% Document Info
\author{ashw444}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (legal-studies.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (ashw444)
  /Subject (Legal Studies Cheat Sheet)
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Legal Studies Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{ashw444} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/160161/cs/33708/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}ashw444 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/ashw444} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 30th August, 2022.\\
   Updated 31st August, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Court Hierachy}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Magistrates}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-Hears all criminal cases after somebody is charged \newline -Determines which court will hear the case \newline -If the case cannot be dealt with by Magistrates, the offender will be moved to District court. \newline  \newline {\bf{A magistrate is an officer in court who can make legal decisions for minor offences.}} \newline  \newline Lawyers will often aim for a settlement before going to court for a trial.}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Basics}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{How Does a Law Get Made?}} \newline Starts as a bill\textgreater{}gets voted on by house of reps\textgreater{}goes to senate\textgreater{}is voted on again by senate\textgreater{}governor general\textgreater{}act of parliament\textgreater{}law \newline  \newline {\bf{What is the definition of the word Law?}} \newline A law is defined as a formal rule to determine how people and organisations are expected to behave. \newline  \newline Laws can also receive {\bf{amendments}} to improve an existing piece of legislation.  \newline  \newline {\bf{amendment}}-a formal or official change made to a law, constitution or other legal document}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Court Hierachy}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{District Court}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-Deals with more serious criminal/civil offences the magistrates court can't rule on  \newline -Is the first level of court to involve a jury on the decision making process \newline  \newline Anybody after an {\bf{appeal}} from a magistrates court decision can move up to this court. \newline  \newline  \newline {\bf{Appeal}}-a request to rehear or retry a case}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Criminal \& Civil Law}}  \tn
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Criminal Law & Civil Law \tn 
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a driect result of a law being broken, usually punishable by jail time. Much more difficult to prove by just evidence.(must have proof of proof) & deals with disputes between people and organisations often involving money. The plaintiff can win simply by having more evidence than the defendant. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A civil case can be overruled by 'balance of probabilities'. \newline  \newline A criminal case must be 'beyond all reasonable doubt'.}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Key Terms}}  \tn
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{\bf{Bail}}- a paid agreement that you will come to court to face charges & {\bf{BAC}}- Blood Alcohol Concentration \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Negligence}}-a failure to take care in a circumstance or event \newline {\bf{Defamation}}-where a person's reputation has been damaged by what has been said or written about them \newline {\bf{Civil Law}}- deals with disputes between people/organisations involving money \newline {\bf{Criminal Law}}-a direct result of a laws being broken, punishable by jail time \newline {\bf{Magistrate}}-an officer in court who can make legal decisions for minor offences}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Key Players In Court}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Bailiff}}-a court official, usually a peace officer or security, who keeps order in the courtroom and handles errands for the judge and clerk. \newline {\bf{Legal Clerk}}-Prepare and summons jury and witness list and swear them in before court proceedings \newline {\bf{Solicitor}}-lawyer who speaks in court}  \tn 
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{\bf{Defendant}}-an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law. & {\bf{Accused}}-a person or group of people who are charged with or on trial for a crime. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Plaintiff}}-person who initiates the lawsuit, who then becomes the prosecutor \newline {\bf{Barrister}}-Lawyer who speaks in court \newline {\bf{Witnesses}}-Provides evidence by answering questions \newline {\bf{Jury}}-a randomly selected group of citizens from an electoral roll who decided whether or not someone is guilty based on the facts of the case.}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Driving Laws}}  \tn
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The max {\bf{demerit points}} you can lose on your L's,P1's,P2's,opens:4,4,4,12 & If you are caught drink driving you {\bf{must}} go to court, and your license will be immediately disqualified for 24 hours. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The following drivers {\bf{must have a BAC of 0.00}}:  Professional Drivers, anyone not on an open license} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{If you are caught drink driving on your {\bf{learners}},license is disqualified for 3-9 months, and can be fined up to \$2012 \newline If  BAC is over {\bf{0.05}} but under 0.10;license is disqualified for 1-9 months, and can be fined up to \$2012 \newline If BAC is over {\bf{0.10}} but under 0.15;license disqualified for 3-12 months,can be fined \$2875 \newline If BAC is {\bf{0.15}} and over;license disqualified minimum 6 months, can be fined up to \$4025}  \tn 
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

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