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\author{ArielMaka}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (tipos-de-datos-en-python-3.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (ArielMaka)
  /Subject (Tipos de Datos en Python 3 Cheat Sheet)
}

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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Tipos de Datos en Python 3 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{ArielMaka} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/194929/cs/40740/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}ArielMaka \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/arielmaka} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 9th October, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Identificadores y palabras clave}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{La primera regla se refiere a los personajes iniciales y de continuación. \{\{nl\}\}El carácter de inicio puede ser cualquier cosa que Unicode \{\{nl\}\}considere una letra, incluido el ASCII.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{letras{\bf{ ("a", "b", …, "z", "A", "B", …, "Z")}}, el guión bajo{\bf{ ("\_")}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{" Los identificadores son mayúsculas y minúscula   sensible, por lo que, por ejemplo:} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{ TAXRATE, Taxrate, TaxRate, taxRate y taxrate}}\{\{nl\}\} son cinco diferentes identificadores.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Palabras clave de Python} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{and continue except global lambda pass while as def False if None raise with assert del finally import nonlocal return yield break elif for in not True class else from is or try}}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{¿Podemos decir si un identificador cae en una de estas categorías? \{\{nl\}\}Python tiene un Función incorporada llamada {\bf{dir()}} que devuelve una lista de los atributosde un objeto. \{\{nl\}\}Si esto es llamado sin argumentos, \{\{nl\}\}devuelve la lista de atributos integrados de Python. \{\{nl\}\}Para ejemplo:} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 7)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} dir(\_\_builtins\_\_) {[}'ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError',\{\{nl\}\} 'AttributeError', ... 'sum', 'super', 'tuple', 'type', 'vars', 'zip'{]}`} \tn 
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% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Un solo guión bajo puede usarse como identificador,\{\{nl\}\} y dentro de un intérprete interactivo o Python Shell\{\{nl\}\} Por ejemplo:} \tn 
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% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}for \_ in (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5): print("Hello")`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Módulo Matemático Ejemplo:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}π = math.pi\{\{nl\}\} ε = 0.0000001\{\{nl\}\} nueva\_área = π {\emph{ radio }} radio \{\{nl\}\}if abs(nueva\_área - vieja\_área) \textless{} ε: \{\{nl\}\}print("las áreas han convergido")`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Ventana Python Shell de IDLE ejemplo:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} stretch-factor = 1 SyntaxError: can't assign to operator (...) \{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} 2miles = 2 SyntaxError: invalid syntax (...) \{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} str = 3 \# Legal but BAD\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} l'impôt31 = 4 SyntaxError: EOL while scanning single-quoted string (...)\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} l\_impôt31 = 5 \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Un identificador de Python válido es una secuencia no vacía de caracteres de cualquier longitud. \newline que consta de un "carácter de inicio" y cero o más "caracteres de continuación". \newline Un identificador de este tipo debe obedecer un par de reglas y seguir ciertas convenciones.}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Strings}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Las cadenas están representadas por el tipo de datos str inmutable que contiene una secuencia de caracteres Unicode.. La función {\bf{str()}} también se puede usar como función de conversión.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Ejemplos:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{a = "Las 'comillas' simples están bien; se debe utilizar el carácter de escape \textbackslash{}"dobles\textbackslash{}".". \{\{nl\}\}b = 'Las \textbackslash{}'comillas\textbackslash{}' simples deben tener carácter de escape; Los "dobles" están bien.'} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Comparando cadenas} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Las cadenas admiten los operadores de comparación habituales \textless{}, \textless{}=, ==, !=, \textgreater{} y \textgreater{}=. Estos Los operadores comparan cadenas byte a byte en la memoria. Por ejemplo, el punto de carácter 0x00C5) se puede representar en bytes codificados en UTF8 en tres diferentes formas: {[}0xE2, 0x84, 0xAB{]}, {[}0xC3, 0x85{]} y {[}0x41, 0xCC, 0x8A{]}.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tipos integrales}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Python proporciona dos tipos integrales integrados, int y bool.} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{El tamaño de un número entero está limitado\{\{nl\}\} únicamente por la memoria de la máquina.\{\{nl\}\} Hay dos objetos booleanos integrados: \{\{nl\}\}Verdadero y Falso.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Enteros  Ejemplo:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} 14600926 \# decimal\{\{nl\}\} 14600926\{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} \seqsplit{0b110111101100101011011110} \# binary \{\{nl\}\}14600926\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} 0o67545336 \# octal \{\{nl\}\}14600926 \{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} 0xDECADE \# hexadecimal \{\{nl\}\}14600926\{\{nl\}\}	`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Booleanos Ejemplo:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} t = True\{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} f = False\{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} t and f False \{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} t and True True`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tipos de punto flotante}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Python proporciona tres tipos de valores de punto flotante: \{\{nl\}\}{\bf{ Los tipos flotantes}} \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Complejos integrados }}\{\{nl\}\} {\bf{El tipo decimal}}\{\{nl\}\}Decimal de la biblioteca estándar.\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Números de punto flotante Ejemplo:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`def equal\_float(a, b): \{\{nl\}\}	return abs(a - b) \textless{}= sys.float\_info.epsilon \{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\} \{\{nl\}\}s = 14.25.hex() \# str s == '0x1.c800000000000p+3' \{\{nl\}\}f = float.fromhex(s) \# float f == 14.25 \{\{nl\}\} t = f.hex() \# str t == '0x1.c800000000000p+3'`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Números complejos	Ejemplo:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} z = -89.5+2.125j\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} z.real, z.imag (-89.5, 2.125)\{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} z.conjugate() (-89.5-2.125j)\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} 3-4j.conjugate() (3+4j)`} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{Numeros decimales Ejemplo:} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{17.67cm}}{`\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} import decimal\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} a = decimal.Decimal(9876)\{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} b = decimal.Decimal("54321.012345678987654321")\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} a + b \{\{nl\}\}Decimal('64197.012345678987654321')\{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\}\{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} 23 / 1.05 \{\{nl\}\}21.904761904761905\{\{nl\}\} \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} print(23 / 1.05) \{\{nl\}\}21.9047619048\{\{nl\}\}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} \seqsplit{print(decimal.Decimal(23)} / decimal.Decimal("1.05"))\{\{nl\}\} \seqsplit{21.90476190476190476190476190	`}} \tn 
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