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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
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% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
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% Document Info
\author{Arielle}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (cell-and-developmental-biology-cell-signaling.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Arielle)
  /Subject (Cell and Developmental Biology- CELL SIGNALING Cheat Sheet)
}

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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Cell and Developmental Biology- CELL SIGNALING Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Arielle} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/19956/cs/2844/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Arielle \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/arielle} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 6th May, 2016.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ion Channel Receptors}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{ION CHANNEL (8nm,MADE OF ATOMS) \textgreater{} NA+ ATOM GOES THROUGH DOORWAY ONE AT A TIME \textgreater{} NEURON BECOMES SUFFICIENTLY CHARGED WHEN ENOUGH NA+ HAS ENTERED \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
How do the channels open? \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}Neurotransmitter molecules from one cell bind to neuroreceptors on another cell opening thee channel doorway. \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 3)
Here is a breakdown by sense type: \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
Touch -{}- Physical pressure leads to a deformation of the 3D shape of the cells around the sensory neuron, called a mechanoreceptor. This causes shear forces at the surface of the cell to physically deform the ion channel and open its doorway, thus activating the neuron. \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 6)
Smell and taste -{}- Chemical molecules floating in the air or disolved in water land on the inside surface of the nose or mouth and bind directly to special "oderant-specific" ion channels on chemoreceptors, changing their shape and causing their doorways to open, thus activating the neuron. \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 6)
Heat and cold -{}- The change in temperature in the vicinity of a thermoreceptor changes the protein folding pattern of the neuroreceptor, causing its shape to change and its doorway to open, thus activating the neuron. Certain heat receptors are activated by capsaicin in hot pepper oil, causing hot peppers to feel "hot". Certain cold receptors are activated by menthol contained in mint oil, causing mint to feel "cool". Alcohol lowers the activation threshold of heat receptors, causing hard alcohol to feel hot. \newline % Row Count 31 (+ 11)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ion Channel Receptors (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Light -{}- Photons hitting the photoreceptor of the eye are "captured" by photosensitive pigment molecules which become chemically altered by the photon. (The pigment molecule incorporates Vitamin A, which is why Vitamin A is good for vision.)  The altered molecule has a different physical shape, and the change in shape mechanically opens the doorway of an ion channel it is adjacent to, thus activating the neuron. \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 9)
Sound -{}- As as Colin Gerber explains, the air pressure waves move "hair cells" inside the chochlea. The "hairs" shear against each other as they move, mechanically opening and closing ion channel doorways, thus activating the neuron.% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ENZYME COUPLED RECEPTORS}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Receptors are linked to enzyme usually protein kinase% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{LONG DISTANCE COMMUNICATION}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Hormone-released by cell in one part of the body and affects another part of the organism. \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
JENSEN AND GORSKI \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
Steroid binds to cytoplasmic receptor \textgreater{} Receptor changes conformation and then is translocated to nucleus where Hormone Receptor binds to DNA and genes are altered.% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{NUCLEAR HORMONE RECEPTORS}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-Ligand activated \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
-Signal molec./Small hydrophobic \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
-Receptor-ligand complex-{}-{}-Acts as Transcription Factor% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}