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\author{anjuscha}
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  /Title (chemistry-unit-1.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (anjuscha)
  /Subject (Chemistry Unit 1 Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Chemistry Unit 1 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{anjuscha} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/125991/cs/24413/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}anjuscha \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/anjuscha} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 25th September, 2020.\\
   Updated 25th September, 2020.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{p{0.3033 cm} p{0.3033 cm} p{0.3033 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The nature of chemistry}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.7165 cm} x{1.7165 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nature of Chemistry}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Chemistry & Study of substances that make up the world and the changes they undergo \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Pseydoscience & Process inv. the collection of info that is supported by {\bf{belief}} or {\bf{opinion}} \tn 
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Science & Process inv. the collection of info that is supported by {\bf{evidence}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Science is systematic, inv. collection of info and ideas, inv. obs. and experimentation, supp. by evidence} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Science relies on process, is objective, is updated constantly & Pseudoscience lacks process, is subject, is resistant to new info (i.e. flat earters..) \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Scientific inquiry is the process of using obs, investigations, and exp. to learn about natural phenomena -\textgreater{} any testable questions about obs., importance on creativity} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.30454 cm} x{2.12846 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Formulating Scientific Questions}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Scientific question & Based on obs. and is {\bf{testable}} \tn 
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Most Q are based on obs. & What is that? Why? How does it work? I wonder why.. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
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A good one & narrow focus, unknown answer, addresses gap in knowledge, leads to a hypothesis that can be tested \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
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Non scientific question & based on supernatural, opinion, rely on moral or social values \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.13289 cm} x{2.30011 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Scientific methods}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Dependent variable & Variable that is changed by another variable \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Independent variable & The variable that you change \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Qualitative & Obs/data that is not measured on numbers/precise measurements \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
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Quantitative & Obs/data based on numbers/precise measurements \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
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Sc. Inquiry & Process of using obs, inv., and exp. to learn about natural phenomena \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
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Conclusion & Summary of the results \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
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Controlled exp. & an exp. in which one variable is changed \tn 
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Control sample & Sample in a controlled exp. with variables that don't change \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
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Exp. sample & sample in a controlled exp. in which one variable changes \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
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\SetRowColor{white}
Models & Simple, idea, picture, equation, method, diagram -\textgreater{} visualizing exp. results \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Writing a lab report & Question/Hypothesis -\textgreater{} materials -\textgreater{} procedure -\textgreater{} results/data -\textgreater{} analysis -\textgreater{} conclusion \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 4)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Research in Science}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Skepticism & Open minded knowledge in a certain area may be uncertain \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Bias & Point of view influenced by opinion \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
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Scientific census & General agreement along scientists on an idea \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
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\SetRowColor{white}
How to develop sc. census? & Communication! Publications (peer-reviewed), meetings/conferences, discuss findings (person/online) \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 5)
% Row 4
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Databases & Pubmed, NCBI, NHI, Google scholar \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hypothesis, Theory, and Law}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Hypothesis & Testable expl. of a sc. problem based on research and obs. (if/then). Must be testable, supported/refuted by data \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Theory & Hypothesis or a group of rel. hypothesis as true based on obs. and repetitive exp., must be testable, req. many exp. and confirmed data to overturn/modify, can be used for predictions or explanations \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 10)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Law & Statement of facts generally accepted to be true, describes relationships in nature, but does not prov. explanation; can be used to predict events/exp. results, support. by all obs. and data, doesn't \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 10)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
How to work with a Hypothesis? & Attempt to explain an obs. or answer a Q -\textgreater{} test it -\textgreater{} if support, then data will agree with it -\textgreater{} if refute, then data will not agree, redo procedure or hypothesis -\textgreater{} continue evaluating data \tn 
% Row Count 36 (+ 10)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hypothesis, Theory, and Law (cont)}}  \tn
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Dalton's Atomic Theory & all matter is comp. of atoms, atoms cannot be made/destroyed during chemical reactions, all atoms of an element are identical, different elements have diff. kinds of atoms, chemical reactions occur through rearrangement of atoms \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 11)
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Atomic Theory & Explains law of conservation of mass \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
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Reproducibility leads to reliability & Theory must be supported by all evidence, other scientists should get similar results, all experiment must be reproducible \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 6)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Safety in Science}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
MSDS (material safety data sheet) & Describes properties, handling, and emergency procedures of a substance \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
General safety practices & Avoid lose clothes/hair, wear long sleeves/close toed shoes, do not drink/eat/chew gum, no jewelry, avoid contacts if possible, avoid clutter in lab \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Handling \seqsplit{chemicals/equipment} & Use tongs/mitts for hot objects, label all containers, inspect equipment before use, dispose of all substances appropriately \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
PPE (personal protective equipment) & Eyes/face: safety goggles/shield, skin/clothing: lab coat/apron, hands: gloves \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Emergency equipment & Fire extinguisher, eye wash, safety shower, first-aid kit \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
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\SetRowColor{white}
Chemistry glass ware & Beaker, flask, test tubes, graduated cylinder \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Handling glass ware & check for breaks/chips, use tongs/holders \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 3)
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Heating devices & Bunsen brenner/alcohol burner, hot plate \tn 
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Use of chemicals & Use clear/accurate labels, do not taste/smell/touch chemicals, use pipettes to transfer liquids, do not put liquids back into storage container, refer to MSDS for \seqsplit{storage/disposal/handling} \tn 
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Accident & Stay calm, report, avoid danger, spill kit, help injured \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
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\SetRowColor{white}
Cuts from broken glassware & apply pressure/flush \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Chemical \seqsplit{burns/irritations/heat} burns & remove heat source/put out fire \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
Inhalation of toxic chemicals & Get fresh air/report \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Chemicals in eyes & Eye wash (10-15 mins), report \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tools and Technology in chem}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Balance & Measure mass \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Beaker & Holds liquids \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Buret & Used to deliver specific volume, i.e. titrate volumes \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Degrees Celsius & Fahrenheit - 30 : 2 = \textasciitilde{} x C \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Graduated cylinder & Measure volume of liquid \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
SI & International system of units, standard set of units used by all scientists \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Kelvin & SI unit for temperature in science, 0 C = -273.15 K \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
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Kilogram & SI Unit for mass \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Liter & SI unit for volume \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Meter & SI unit for distance \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Collecting and organizing data}}  \tn
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inference & logical conclusion made from observation \tn 
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Qualitative data & non-numerical, descriptive - describes categories or characteristics of things \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Quantitative} data & numerical data that can be measured, data that is easy to analyze over graph or table, has units, always numbers \tn 
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% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Charts & Used for qualitative data \tn 
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% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Tables & Used for numerical data set in columns and rows \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Graphs & Bar/line/pie, display data for analysis \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Labels & for all parts of charts, tables, and graphs \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}