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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
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% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
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% Document Info
\author{angellizs}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (chap-27-bacteria-and-archaea.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (angellizs)
  /Subject (Chap 27: Bacteria \& Archaea Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Chap 27: Bacteria \& Archaea Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{angellizs} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/180370/cs/37710/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}angellizs \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/angellizs} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 20th March, 2023.\\
   Updated 20th March, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Prokaryotes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{No nucleus; 1st organisms to inhabit earth} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{unicellular}}, some form colonies} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{fall into Bacteria and Archaea} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{0.5-5 micrometers} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{reproduces via {\bf{binary fission}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{short generation time} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9954 cm} x{3.9816 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cell surface structures}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Capsule & polysaccharide/protein surrounds cell wall; sticks; prevents dehydration \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Fimbriae} & hair-like; stick \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Sex pili & longer than fimbriae; sexual conjugation(exchange DNA) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Taxis & movement \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{chemotaxis} & toward or away from a chemical \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{phototaxis} & toward or away from light \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Flagella} & motor (ATP driven pump); filament(whip line); 42 different proteins but only half are used \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{In the Biosphere}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-chemical recyling} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-decomposers} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-use CO2 to form sugar \& oxygen} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- nitrogen fixing} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{increase soil nutrients} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Shapes}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{cocci}} – spherical} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{bacilli}} - rod-shaped} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{spirilla/spirochetes}} - spiral} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{diplo}}cocci (2)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{strepto}}cocci (in a line/chain)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{staphylo}}cocci (in a clump)} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Internal organization}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- no membrane bound organelles; no nucleus} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Plasmids}} - small units of DNA} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{DNA = large chromosome nucleoid region} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{endospore}} - environment not beneficial; copies DNA chromosomes} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nutritional Modes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Photoautotroph} & uses light; CO2, HCO-3 \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Chemoautotroph} & uses inorganic chemicals; C)2, HCO-3 \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Photoheterotroph} & uses light; organic compounds \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Chemoheterotrophs} & organic compounds; organic compounds \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oxygen in Metabolism}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Aerobic}}- use O2} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Fermentation/Anaerobic}} - no O2} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Obligate aerobes}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{must use O2 - for cellular respiration} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Obligate Anaerobes}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{cannot use O2} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Facultative anaerobes}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{can use O2 but does not have to} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cell Wall Bacteria}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Gram Positive (+)}} & {\bf{Gram Negative (-)}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
simple cell walls, large peptidoglycan, 1 inner membrane & complex cell wall, small peptidoglycan, outer and inner membrane \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
purple & pink \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Factors that give rise to Genetic Diversity}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Rapid Reproduction - binary fission (offsprings are identical} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Mutation - low rate (short generation times = large population)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Genetic Recombination - different DNA's combined} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Genetic Recombination}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Transformation}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-replaces it's own DNA w/ foreign DNA} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Transduction}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-involves a phage(virus) to infect fragments of DNA to another bacterial cell. = recombinant cell} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Conjugation}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-DNA is transferred in 1 direction thru a mating bridge (pilus)} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-replicates complementary strand from a donor and recipient cell} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-F factor as part of either plasmid or circular chromosome} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}