\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{Anais (Anais\_Pe)} \pdfinfo{ /Title (mesopotamia-key-case-studies.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (Anais (Anais\_Pe)) /Subject (Mesopotamia - Key Case Studies Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{A3101A} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F9F0F0} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Mesopotamia - Key Case Studies Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Anais (Anais\_Pe)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/151793/cs/46538/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Anais (Anais\_Pe) \\ \uline{cheatography.com/anais-pe} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Published 2nd June, 2025.\\ Updated 1st June, 2025.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{3.73275 cm} x{1.24425 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Royal tombs of Ur}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Early Dynastic III, roughly contemporary with Eannatum. & {\emph{c. 2500 BCE}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Principle occupants = private graves.} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Second + Third Dynasty kings and queens, provides insight on political structure of Ur.} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Also important because it could provide concrete evidence of chronology to compare to available king lists.} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 3) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Most famous grave = Queen Puabi, identified by a cylinder seal she was wearing.} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{(Reade, 2001)} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Death Pits of Ur}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Found in association with the Royal Tombs of Ur, provide insight on social organisation or Ur societies.} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Evidence included human remains, ornaments and grave goods. & Inform us about class structure, religious order and traditions (+ human sacrifice?). \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 5) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Blunt force trauma on victims in Great Death Pit suggest mass sacrifice of subjects.} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Identity of individuals = uncertain (consorts?). One pit contained only women, interpreted as a sacrifice to the moon god of Ur - Nanna.} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 3) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{General consensus is that death pits were a common practice of acient Sumerian societies.} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Puabi}}'s grave = most insightful info regarding identification of cemetery occupants.} \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Puabi's grave = situated above death pit.} \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Puabi identified through elaborate and ornate headdress.} \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 2) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Individuals in death pit found to have overdeveloped back and leg muscles and signs of repeated knee and ankle strain -\textgreater{} chariot riders?} \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 3) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Evidence of postmortem heating of skulls - indicates practice of heating/smoking bodies after death?} \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Royal Tombs of Ur - Puabi}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/anais-pe_1748785025_Puabi Headdress.jpeg}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Puabi's famous headdress from the Royal Tombs of Ur.} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Victory Stele of Naram-Sin}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{{\emph{Naram-Sin}}}} = Akkadian ruler. Significant for his deification. & {\emph{c. 2334-2154}} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Evidence from inscriptions in statue base of teh deification of Naram-Sin and the erection of a temple in his honour by the people of Agade.} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Sippar stele}} (or victory stele) - represents Naram-Sin defeating Lullubi people from Zagros Mountains.} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Represents Naram-Sin both as god and king: & - {\emph{Horned helmet }}- reserved for deities and gods, but worn here by Naram-Sin. \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 4) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & - {\emph{Size}} - Naram-Sin is depicted bigger than all others on stele and towers over the Lullubi enemies, themselves small, broken and being stepped on. \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 8) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & - {\emph{Shamash}} - depicted as a sun over the mountains, on the same side of the stele as Naram-Sin. Previous depictions would have separated the divine and kingship on different sides ({\emph{e.g. Eannatum and the stele of the vultures}}). \tn % Row Count 34 (+ 12) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Victory Stele of Naram-Sin (cont)}} \tn % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Depictions of the "others" & Lullubi warriors differentiated by size and posture, but alos by different {\emph{hairstyles and dress}}. \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{(Aruz {\emph{et al.}}, 2003)} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Victory Stele of Naram-Sin}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/anais-pe_1748786387_Naram Sin Victory Stele.jpg}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{References for your humble perusal}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Aruz, J. and Wallenfels, R. (eds) (2003) Art of the first cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art (Museum of Art Series).} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Reade, J. (2001) 'Assyrian King-Lists, the Royal Tombs of Ur, and Indus Origins', Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 60(1), pp. 1–29. Available at: \seqsplit{https://doi.org/10.1086/468883.}} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}