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% Document Info
\author{Sérgio Ferreira (AlienEngineer)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (c-unit-tests-basics.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Sérgio Ferreira (AlienEngineer))
  /Subject (C\# Unit-Tests - Basics Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{C\# Unit-Tests - Basics Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Sérgio Ferreira (AlienEngineer)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/89520/cs/20379/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Sérgio Ferreira (AlienEngineer) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/alienengineer} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 28th August, 2019.\\
   Updated 3rd September, 2019.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-thumbs-up\}\} Arrange - Act - Assert}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{public void MyTest() \{ \newline   // Arrange - Only setup code needed by the act step\{\{nl\}\} \newline   // Act - Only the action(s) under test\{\{nl\}\} \newline   // Assert - Verification of the excepted behavior \newline \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Tip}}: If any of these parts are greatly bigger than the others, look for refactoring your tests.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-thumbs-up\}\} Test Class Organization}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{class SubjectTests \{ \newline   \newline   // fields \newline   int callCount = 0; \newline  \newline   // help methods \newline   private Subject MakeSubject() =\textgreater{}  \newline     new Subject(); \newline   \newline   // test methods \newline   public void Test1() \{  \} \newline   public void Test2() \{  \} \newline   public void Test3() \{  \} \newline \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{This is just a convention. Don't leave help methods and field scattered all around the test methods.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-info-circle\}\} Solitary vs Sociable}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Solitary}} \{\{nl\}\} Type of test that tests a unit without the involvement of other units. \{\{nl\}\} {\emph{Mocks all dependencies of the subject under test.}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Sociable}} \{\{nl\}\} Type of test that uses multiple units to verify a given behavior. \{\{nl\}\} {\emph{Mock only hard to manage dependencies. (e.g. external resources)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{source: Working Effectively with Unit Tests by Jay Fields}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Column Break \#1}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-question\}\} Unit-Test}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{We have control over all it's parts.} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Runs in any order.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Doesn't depend on another test.} \tn 
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% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Doesn't produce side-effects.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Asserts observable behavior.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Tip}}: if any of these is false then it's not a unit-test.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-info-circle\}\} Test - What's your name?}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{// Convention \#1 \newline public void \seqsplit{Creating\_a\_user\_stores\_it\_in\_the\_database()} \{ ... \} \newline public void \seqsplit{Creating\_a\_user\_without\_name\_throws\_exception()} \{ ... \} \newline  \newline   \newline // Convention \#2 \newline public void \seqsplit{CreateUser\_StoresInDatabase()} \{ ... \} \newline public void \seqsplit{CreateUser\_WithoutName\_ThrowsException()} \{ ... \} \newline  \newline   \newline // Convention \#3 \newline public void \seqsplit{Given\_user\_when\_creating\_then\_its\_stored\_in\_database()} \{ ... \} \newline public void \seqsplit{Given\_user\_when\_has\_no\_name\_then\_throws\_exception()} \{ ... \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{The name of the test should have 3 parts:  \newline ~~- The behavior under test; \newline ~~- The constraints; \newline ~~- The expected behavior.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-bolt\}\} Actions on Loops}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{public void Test1() \{ \newline   for(var x in listOfInt) \{ \newline     Assert.That(GetValue(x), Is.True)); \newline   \} \newline \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Tip}}: Multiple asserts and action taken within a loop on the same test makes us ignore some cases in case of a failure.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Page break \#1}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-bolt\}\} Avoid some Expectations}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{// Thats how it's done\{\{nl\}\}`mock.Verify(...)`} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{// If possible use specific value, is int.MaxValue a valid expectation?\{\{nl\}\}`Assert.That(x, Is.GreaterThan(10))`} \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{// Might be null\{\{nl\}\}`var result = GetObject();`\{\{nl\}\}`Assert.That(result.Property, Is.True))`} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{// Might throw exception somewhere other than action\{\{nl\}\}`{[}ExpectException(){]}`} \tn 
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% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{// Look for content not types \{\{nl\}\} \seqsplit{`Assert.IsInstanceOfType(result}, typeof(SomeDataModel));`} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Avoid}} != {\bf{Never do it}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-info-circle\}\} Don't ignore the signs!}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Sign}} & {\bf{Outcome}} \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
A big arrange section: large dto, many parameters or many mocks. & Subject under test might be doing to much. \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Tests to data model object (dto). & Reveals missing tests. DTOs will get their coverage from usage. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Tests to Exceptions. & Reveals missing tests. Exceptions will be tested by their usage. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Big test file & Can indicate duplication or the subject under test is doing to much. \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Json, xml, etc & Formatted strings of any kind reveal coupling. {\emph{Except tests to formatters.}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Big file}} : Any file greater than 500 lines \newline {\bf{Big section}} : More than 10 lines. \newline {\bf{Many parameters}} : More than 3. \newline {\bf{Many Mocks}} : More than 3. \newline {\bf{Large dto}}: More than 10 properties.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-thumbs-up\}\} Parameterized (NUnit)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{[}Test{]} \newline public void Test1({[}Values(1, 2, 3){]} int value) \{ \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Column Break \#2}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-thumbs-up\}\} Parameterized (xUnit)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{[}Theory{]} \newline {[}InlineData(1){]} \newline {[}InlineData(2){]} \newline {[}InlineData(3){]} \newline public void Test1(int value) \{ \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-thumbs-up\}\} Parameterized (MS Tests v2)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{[}DataTestMethod{]} \newline {[}DataRow(1){]} \newline {[}DataRow(2){]} \newline {[}DataRow(3){]} \newline public void Test1(int value) \{ \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-bolt\}\} Isolate - Shared data}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{static int value = 0;  \newline  \newline public void Test1() \{ \newline   value = 10; \newline   doSomething(value); \newline \}  \newline  \newline public void Test2() \{ \newline   doSomething(value); \newline \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Static mutable state will eventually kill one or more tests.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{\{\{fa-bolt\}\} Isolation - Thread safe tests}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{static object lockObject = new object(); \newline  \newline public void Test1() \{ \newline   lock(lockObject) \{ \newline     // thread safe code \newline   \} \newline \} \newline  \newline public void Test2() \{ \newline   lock(lockObject) \{ \newline     // thread safe code \newline   \} \newline \}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Avoid this! Dealing with thread safety in tests adds another layer of complexity.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}