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\author{aissa (aiss4.studyv0t)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (geological-processes.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (aissa (aiss4.studyv0t))
  /Subject (geological processes Cheat Sheet)
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\noindent
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{geological processes Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{aissa (aiss4.studyv0t)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/163791/cs/34385/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}aissa (aiss4.studyv0t) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/aiss4-studyv0t} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 27th September, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.73232 cm} x{1.92234 cm} x{1.92234 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{spheres of the earth}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Hydrosphere}} & made up of water & rivers, lakes, streams, oceans, groundwarer, polar ice caps, glaciers, water vapor, clouds, and precipitation \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Biosphere}} & made up of all living organisms & plants, animals, bacteria, fungi \tn 
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{\bf{Geosphere}} & {\emph{ground}} composed of all rocks and minerals & mountains, continents, ocean floor, sad, bedrocks and {\emph{earth's interior layers}} \tn 
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% Row 3
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{\bf{Atmosphere}} & body of gas that envelops earth & carbon dioxide and gaseous elements \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Layers of earth}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Crust & outermost and thinnest layer of Earth there are two types: continental (less dense) and oceanic (dense) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & ᜊ {\bf{listosphere}}: crust and upper mantle \tn 
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 & ᜊ  {\bf{asthenosphere}}: below the lithosphere is the asthenosphere layer, a much hotter and malleable portion of the upper mantle. \tn 
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% Row 3
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\seqsplit{Mantle} & {\bf{M}}iddle layer, the crust is thicker and denser because of aluminum and magnesium \tn 
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Core & {\bf{C}}enter of the earth \tn 
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 & {\bf{outer core}}: liquid (melted) nickel and iron because of high temperature \tn 
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 & {\bf{inner core}}: higher temperature and is in solid form because of the atomic pressure \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Geological Processes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Hydrometeorological Hazard}} & A process or phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Typhoon Thunderstorm Flood Storm Surge El Niño La Niña  Rainfall-induced landslide Tornado \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Typhoon (pacific and Indian Ocean, Hurricane for Atlantic Ocean. & Are intense circulating winds with heavy rain over tropical waters and land \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
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\SetRowColor{white}
tropical cyclones (bagyo) & wind systems circulating around a low-pressure area (warm water) \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Tropica:l depressionspeed up to 61 kph \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Eye of the storm & A region of most calm weather at the center of strong tropical cyclone \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Monsoon & seasonal wind patter \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 7
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 & amihan:cloudless skies and cold mornings \tn 
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% Row 8
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 & habagat: brings heavy rain \tn 
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% Row 9
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Flood & hazard brought by heavy rains where theres a progressive rise in water level \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 4)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Geological Processes (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 10
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Tornado & is a narrow, violently rotating column of air \tn 
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% Row 11
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Thunderstorms & characterized by strong winds, heavy rains, lighting and thunder \tn 
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 & - formed when wam air mass if forced to move upeard by cold air mass \tn 
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Storm Surge & - rise of normal sea level cause by winds that are directed toward the shore \tn 
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 & not a Tsunami \tn 
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El Nino & It refers to the large-scale warming of the ocean and atmosphere across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific. \tn 
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% Row 16
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La Nina & begins in the eastern part of the Pacific Ocean, much similar to the location of El Nino. The sea surface temperatures during this period become lower by 3-5 degree Celsius. Cyclones formed during this time shift westward going to the direction of china. \tn 
% Row Count 36 (+ 13)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{5. waterborne diseases such as leptospirosis and typhoid fever.} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Geological Processes}}  \tn
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exogenic process & occuring on the surface of the earth, responsible for transforming rocks \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
weathering & breaking down of rocks \tn 
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\seqsplit{*physical/mechanical} weathering8 & can be done mechanically or chemically, theres no change in chemical composition \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{chemical weathering}} & the breakdown of rocks by chemical mechanisms \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-Examples: & {\bf{Hydration}}: minerals dissolving when coming into contact with water \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{Carbonization}}: reaction between rocks and carbonic acid \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{Oxidation}}: causes rock to become fragile \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Differential Weathering & - landscape shaping \tn 
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 & Examples: Fall, slides, flow \tn 
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Erosion & The conponents of soil pile up and are physically removed from their place. \tn 
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% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & ☆ {\emph{Agents}}: the materials are trasported to different locations through {\bf{moving water, wind, gravity, and animals}} \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 6)
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Geological Processes (cont)}}  \tn
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endogenic process & takes place within the earth resposible for the changes of the surface of the earth \tn 
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% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
internal heat & source of energy of endogenic processes \tn 
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% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Geological Processes & physical processes which create and modify landforms on the surface of the Earth \tn 
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% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
Mass Wasting & the downslope movement of rocks \& soil under the influence of gravity \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Marine and Coastal Processes and Hazards}}  \tn
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Atmospheric factors affecting coastal erosion & Climate change and gravity \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Human factors & Pollution, and sand and gravel extraction which can increase the strength of the waves \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Coast & part of the land near the sea \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
 & contains some of the world's sensitive and threatedned ecosystems \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Coastal Processes & waves, tides, sea leve, change, crustal movement \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & - they could pose threat to life but  shape the physical environment, providing habitat such as turtle or seabird nesting beaches, reefs, and mangrove forests or seagrass beds. \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 9)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Coastal Hazards}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Coastal Erosion: displacement of land along the coastline} \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Submersion: movement of coastal sediments from the vidsible portion of a beach to the submerged nearshore region of the coast} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Saltwater Intrusion: Is the movement of saltwater to freshwater} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{endogenic}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Endogenic Processes & caused by radioactive decay from the Earth's core and the redistribution of materials in the Earth's interior \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
 & effect is formation of landforms \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{tensional stress:}} & occurs when a rocks is pulled causing it to be stretched in a divergent boundary \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{shearing stress:}} & occurs when the forces that push the rocks and faults in opposite directions \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{compressional:}} & occurs when a rock is {\emph{squeezed}} until it folds or breaks in convergent boundary \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Folding/folds & wavelike plastic deformation that result to compressional stresses \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Anticlines (upwarping) & forms mountains \& hills \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Synclines (downwarping) & forms valleys and trenches \tn 
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% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Monocline & gradual bending \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Stress}}  \tn
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Normal Fault & faulting where the hanging wall goes down \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Reverse Fault & faulting where the hanging wall goes up \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Strike-Slip Fault & faulting caused by a shearing force \tn 
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 & foot wall is longer, hanging wall is shorter \tn 
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Convergent Plate Boundary & where 2 plates move towards each other and destroys the crust \tn 
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Divergent Plate Boundary & where 2 plates move away from each other and usually occurs on ocean ridges \tn 
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Transform Plate Boundary & where plates slide horizontally past one another which produces zigzag plate margins \& shallow earthquakes \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{3 Types of  Rocks}}  \tn
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Sedimentary rocks & are formed from layers of sand, silt, dead plants, and animal skeletons. \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Igneous rocks & are formed from melted rock deep inside the Earth. \tn 
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Metamorphic rocks & formed from other rocks that are changed by heat and pressure underground. \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Terms}}  \tn
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Sea floor spreading & seafloor slowly spreads \& moves sideways away from the mid ocean ridge \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Convection Current & hot magma is forced upward to the litosphere. As it reaches its destination, the litosphere moves horizontally carrying the plates with it. As it cools, the magma becomes denser and sinks in the mantle, overlying the crust with it. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & he concept where hot air rises, cool air sinks \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}