Externalism |
The view that mental events and acts are essentially dependent on the world external to the mind in opposition to the cartesian separation of mental and physical worlds (his hands) |
Cogitatum |
The result of thoughts, ideas or reflections |
Idealism |
any various systems of thought in which the objects of knowledge are held to be in someway dependent on the activity of the mind (its just a perception of the hand not definitive) |
The rationalist |
if you know something then you need to prove it (moore says you can know without proof) |
Skepticism |
You deny that you can know something; that there is no such thing as knowledge (a theory that certain knowledge is impossible) |
Empiricism |
The theory that all knowledge is derived form sense of experience (observation is taken as the final arbiter of what is and is not true) |
Phenomenology |
The science of phenomena as distinct form that the nature of being; an approach that concentrates on the study of consciousness and the objects of direct experience (Husserl) |
epoche |
Bracketing (the approach Husserl used) |
Solipsism |
the view or theory that the self is all that can be known to exist (no consciousness) |
Intentionality |
The quality of mental status that consists in their being directed toward some object or state of affairs (distinguish between things with conscious not consciousness |
Phenomenological Reduction |
describing the act of suspending judgment about the natural world to instead focus on analysis of experience (in order to get out of theories) |
Eidetic Reduction |
Goal is to identify the basic components of phenomena (to get rid of all features inessential to consciousness) |
Transdendental Reduction |
taking away of your idiosyncratic, individual orientation to find out the essence of consciousness |
Epistemology |
The theory of knowledge |
Ontology |
dealing with the nature of being |
existentialism |
theory or approach that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will. |
Ethics |
the good or the right |
Dualism |
that the human mind and body are two distinct entities that interact with each other (subject and object) |
Dasein |
there being or being there |
Difference Principle |
States that increasing inequality between the rich and poor is justified if and only if the increased wealth of the rich also raises the level of the poorest members of society |
Utilitarianism |
maximize pleasure and minimize pain |
Physicalism |
the doctrine that the world consists simply of the physical world |
metaphysics |
Ontology |
Existentialism |
the orientation that emphasizes the need for resolve in following through on plans |
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